Artificial Intelligence and the Didactic Transposition of Knowledge: Implications for Curriculum Development and Knowledge Gatekeeping

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57125/FED.2025.06.25.03

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, didactic transposition, Curriculum development, ‘ReKnow-AI’ model

Abstract

This article explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the transformation of scientific knowledge into school knowledge, a process traditionally conceptualized through the lens of didactic transposition theory. Drawing from curriculum theory, philosophy and sociology of education, and educational technology, the study examines two key dimensions: the use of AI in curriculum development and textbook authorship, and the role of algorithmic systems in selecting and structuring pedagogically relevant content. A conceptual model, “ReKnow-AI”, is proposed to illustrate how AI can be integrated into all stages of knowledge mediation, from scientific production to classroom practice. The study employs a theoretical and conceptual methodology, grounded in interdisciplinary content analysis. It proceeds through a systematic literature review and comparative synthesis of over 60 international sources published between 2020 and 2025, covering educational research, digital pedagogy, and AI-driven instructional design. No empirical data or statistical tools were employed; instead, conceptual modelling was used to identify epistemic shifts in curriculum-making under AI mediation. Findings highlight pedagogical opportunities such as content personalization, dynamic updating, and real-time instructional support. However, they also underline risks associated with algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and diminished teaching agency. The proposed “ReKnow-AI” model identifies the critical junctures where AI systems influence educational content and advocates for ethical, human-centered oversight. This research contributes a novel perspective by framing AI not merely as a technological aid but as an epistemic actor in curriculum construction. Its practical significance lies in informing curriculum designers, policymakers, and teacher educators about the structural and normative implications of AI-based content mediation in contemporary education.

References

Abedi, M., Alshybani, I., Shahadat, M. R. B., & Murillo, M. (2023). Beyond traditional teaching: The potential of large language models and chatbots in graduate engineering education. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.32388/MD04B0.2

Akyuz, Y. (2020). Effects of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) on personalized learning (PL). Creative Education, 11(6), 953–965. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2020.116069

Aljemely, Y. (2024, October). Challenges and best practices in training teachers to utilize artificial intelligence: A systematic review. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1470853

Alqahtani, T., Badreldin, H. A., Alrashed, M., Alshaya, A. I., Alghamdi, S. S., Bin Saleh, K., Alowais, A. A., Alshaya, O. A., Rahman, I., Al Yami, M. S., & Albekairy, A. M. (2023). The emergent role of artificial intelligence, natural learning processing, and large language models in higher education and research. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 19(8), 1236–1242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.05.016

Alvarado, R. (2020). Opacity, big data, artificial intelligence and machine learning in democratic processes. In Big data and democracy (pp. 167–186). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474463522.003.0012

Ang, K. L. M., Ge, F. L., & Seng, K. P. (2020). Big educational data & analytics: Survey, architecture and challenges. IEEE Access, 8, 116392–116414. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2994561

Apple, M. (2004). Ideology and curriculum (3rd ed.). Routledge Falmer. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203487563

Atalar, F. B., & Ergun, M. (2018). Evaluation of the knowledge of science teachers with didactic transposition theory. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(1), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060130

Atherton, P., Topham, L., & Khan, W. (2024). AI and student feedback. In EDULEARN24 Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2024.0042

Barnes, E., & Hutson, J. (2024). Navigating the ethical terrain of AI in higher education: Strategies for mitigating bias and promoting fairness. Forum for Education Studies, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.59400/fes.v2i2.1229

Borenstein, J., & Howard, A. (2021). Emerging challenges in AI and the need for AI ethics education. AI and Ethics, 1(1), 61–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020-00002-7

Chaudhry, M. A., Cukurova, M., & Luckin, R. (2022, July). A transparency index framework for AI in education. In International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (pp. 195–198). Springer. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/bstcf

Chen, F. (2022). Human-AI cooperation in education: Human in loop and teaching as leadership. Journal of Educational Technology and Innovation, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.61414/jeti.v2i1.34

Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, S. C., & Huang, Y. M. (2022). An internet articles retrieval agent combined with dynamic associative concept maps to implement online learning in an artificial intelligence course. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 23(1), 63–81. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v22i4.5437

Cukurova, M., Giannakos, M., & Martinez-Maldonado, R. (2020). The promise and challenges of multimodal learning analytics. British Journal of Educational Technology, 51(5), 1441–1449. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13015

Do, T. H. (2020). The structure of didactic transposition capability: Analysis of an example of didactic transposition of physical knowledge in the training of pedagogical students. Vietnam Journal of Education, 4(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.52296/vje.2020.7

Dewi, N. R., Rusilowati, A., Saptono, S., Haryani, S., Wiyanto, W., Ridlo, S., Listiaji, R., & Atunnisa, R. (2021). Technological, pedagogical, content knowledge (TPACK) research trends: A systematic literature review of publications between 2010–2020. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 18(4), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2021.92

Dowling, P. (2020). Recontextualization in mathematics education. In Encyclopedia of mathematics education (pp. 717–721). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15789-0_133

Ejjami, R. (2024). The future of learning: AI-based curriculum development. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i04.24441

Elsayed, H. (2024). The impact of hallucinated information in large language models on student learning outcomes: A critical examination of misinformation risks in AI-assisted education. Northern Reviews on Algorithmic Research, Theoretical Computation, and Complexity, 9(8), 11–23.

Essa, S. G., Celik, T., & Human-Hendricks, N. E. (2023). Personalized adaptive learning technologies based on machine learning techniques to identify learning styles: A systematic literature review. IEEE Access, 11, 48392–48409. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3276439

Fissore, C., Floris, F., Conte, M. M., & Sacchet, M. (2024, March). Teacher training on artificial intelligence in education. In Smart Learning Environments in the Post Pandemic Era: Selected Papers from the CELDA 2022 Conference (pp. 227–244). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54207-7_13

Fitria, T. N. (2023). The use of artificial intelligence in education (AIED): Can AI replace the teacher's role? Epigram, 20(2), 165–187. https://doi.org/10.32722/epi.v20i2.5711

Gonçalves, L., & Oliveira, L. (2021). When knowledge meets digital: A systematic literature review about digital platforms and knowledge flow. In Perspectives on Design and Digital Communication: Research, Innovations and Best Practices (pp. 35–48). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49647-0_3

Gorski, P. C., & Dalton, K. (2020). Striving for critical reflection in multicultural and social justice teacher education: Introducing a typology of reflection approaches. Journal of Teacher Education, 71(3), 357–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487119883545

Hashem, R., Ali, N., El Zein, F., Fidalgo, P., & Khurma, O. A. (2024). AI to the rescue: Exploring the potential of ChatGPT as a teacher ally for workload relief and burnout prevention. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 19, Article 23. https://doi.org/10.58459/rptel.2024.19023

Hashim, S., Omar, M. K., Ab Jalil, H., & Sharef, N. M. (2022). Trends on technologies and artificial intelligence in education for personalized learning: Systematic literature review. Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(1), 884–903. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-i1/12230

Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education: Promises and implications for teaching and learning. Center for Curriculum Redesign.

Holmes, W., Persson, J., Chounta, I. A., Wasson, B., & Dimitrova, V. (2022). Artificial intelligence and education: A critical view through the lens of human rights, democracy and the rule of law. Council of Europe. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36336-8_12

Horsthemke, K. (2022). Knowledge, truth, and education in post-normal times. Ethics and Education, 17(4), 373–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449642.2022.2148382

Karan, B., & Angadi, G. R. (2023). Potential risks of artificial intelligence integration into school education: A systematic review. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 43(3–4), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/02704676231224705

Karataş, F., Eriçok, B., & Tanrikulu, L. (2025). Reshaping curriculum adaptation in the age of artificial intelligence: Mapping teachers' AI‐driven curriculum adaptation patterns. British Educational Research Journal, 51(1), 154–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4068

Kasneci, E., Seßler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasse, U., Groh, G., Gunnermann, S., Hullermeier, E., Krusche, S., Kutyniok, G., Michaaeli, T., Nerdel, C., Pfeffer, J., Poquet, O., Sailer, M., Schmidt, A., Seidel, T., Stadler, M., & Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, Article 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274

Kaswan, K. S., Dhatterwal, J. S., & Ojha, R. P. (2024). AI in personalized learning. In Advances in Technological Innovations in Higher Education (pp. 103–117). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003376699-9

Kasztelnik, K. (2024). Artificial intelligence-assisted curriculum development: Innovations in designing educational content for the 21st-century learner. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 24(11), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v24i11.7367

Katz, J. E. (2024). Artificial intelligence in education as a threat to the democratic imagination. Journal of Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.69828/4d4kpe

Kim, D. Y., Winchell, A., Waters, A. E., Grimaldi, P. J., Baraniuk, R., & Mozer, M. C. (2020). Inferring student comprehension from highlighting patterns in digital textbooks: An exploration in an authentic learning platform. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Intelligent Textbooks at 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (pp. 67–79).

Lata, P. (2024). Beyond algorithms: Humanizing artificial intelligence for personalized and adaptive learning. International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management, 11(5), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2024.11.5.6

Li, H. (2023). AI in education: Bridging the divide or widening the gap? Exploring equity, opportunities, and challenges in the digital age. Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research, 8(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.8.1.355.2023

Lu, H. (2022). Design of ideological and political communication path of curriculum under the background of intelligent information of new media. Mobile Information Systems, 2022, Article 4459877. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4459877

Manju, H. (2024). Enhancing smart education through the synergy of natural language processing and generative adversarial networks. International Research Journal of Education and Technology, 6(12), 226–229.

Memarian, B., & Doleck, T. (2023). Fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics (FATE) in artificial intelligence (AI) and higher education: A systematic review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, Article 100152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100152

Mensah, G. B. (2023). Artificial intelligence and ethics: A comprehensive review of bias mitigation, transparency, and accountability in AI systems. Preprint, 10(1).

Mligo, I. R. (2025). International perspectives on early childhood education curriculum development: Reflections on a documentary review. Early Years, 45(1), 119–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2024.2325997

Ouyang, F., Zheng, L., & Jiao, P. (2022). Artificial intelligence in online higher education: A systematic review of empirical research from 2011 to 2020. Education and Information Technologies, 27(6), 7893–7925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-10925-9

Phillips, A., Pane, J. F., Reumann-Moore, R., & Shenbanjo, O. (2020). Implementing an adaptive intelligent tutoring system as an instructional supplement. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68(3), 1409–1437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09745-w

Priestley, M., Philippou, S., Alvunger, D., & Soini, T. (2021). Curriculum making: A conceptual framing. In Curriculum making in Europe: Policy and practice within and across diverse contexts (pp. 1–28). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1002/curj.121

Rızvı, M. (2023). Investigating AI-powered tutoring systems that adapt to individual student needs, providing personalized guidance and assessments. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational and Social Sciences, 31, 67–73. https://doi.org/10.55549/epess.1381518

Sayed, W. S., Gamal, M., Abdelrazek, M., & El-Tantawy, S. (2020). Towards a learning style and knowledge level-based adaptive personalized platform for an effective and advanced learning for school students. In Recent Advances in Engineering Mathematics and Physics: Proceedings of the International Conference RAEMP 2019 (pp. 261–273). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39847-7_22

Song, Y., Weisberg, L. R., Zhang, S., Tian, X., Boyer, K. E., & Israel, M. (2024). A framework for inclusive AI learning design for diverse learners. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Article 100212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100212

Sosnovsky, S., Brusilovsky, P., & Lan, A. (2025). Intelligent textbooks. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-024-00451-9

Strømskag, H., & Chevallard, Y. (2024). Didactic transposition and the knowledge to be taught: Towards an archeorganisation for concave/convex functions. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2024.2305879

Suryadi, D., & Priatna, N. (2021). Analysis of didactic transposition and HLT as a rationale in designing didactic situation. In 4th Sriwijaya University Learning and Education International Conference (SULE-IC 2020) (pp. 567–574). Atlantis Press.

Symons, J., & Alvarado, R. (2022). Epistemic injustice and data science technologies. Synthese, 200(2), Article 87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03631-z

Talbot, D. (2023). Knowledge, knowers, and power: Understanding the ‘power’ of powerful knowledge. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 55(6), 633–645. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2023.2256009

Tapalova, O., & Zhiyenbayeva, N. (2022). Artificial intelligence in education: AIEd for personalised learning pathways. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 20(5), 639–653. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2597

Teye, E., Tandogan, F., & Liu, L. (2024). Instructor-created versus AI-generated learning contents: Evaluation and suggestions. In Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 868–874). Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).

Tulli, S. K. C. (2022). An evaluation of AI in the classroom. International Journal of Acta Informatica, 1(1), 41–66.

Ullah, N., Mugahed Al-Rahmi, W., Alzahrani, A. I., Alfarraj, O., & Alblehai, F. M. (2021). Blockchain technology adoption in smart learning environments. Sustainability, 13(4), Article 1801. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041801

Usta, A., Altingovde, I. S., Ozcan, R., & Ulusoy, Ö. (2021). Learning to rank for educational search engines. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 14(2), 211–225. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2021.3075196

Van Campenhout, R., Clark, M., & Johnson, B. G. (2024). AI-generated practice for textbooks: An exploratory analysis from the classroom. In The IAFOR International Conference on Education – Hawaii (pp. 313–320). https://doi.org/10.22492/issn.2189-1036.2024.27

Van Erkel, P. F., & Van Aelst, P. (2021). Why don’t we learn from social media? Studying effects of and mechanisms behind social media news use on general surveillance political knowledge. Political Communication, 38(4), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2020.1784328

Vázquez-Cano, E. (2021). Artificial intelligence and education: A pedagogical challenge for the 21st century. Educational Process: International Journal (EDUPIJ), 10(3), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2021.103.1

Vlasov, M., Polbitsyn, S. N., Olumekor, M., & Oke, A. (2022). The influence of socio-cultural factors on knowledge-based innovation and the digital economy. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(4), Article 194. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040194

Wu, Y. (2024). Revolutionizing learning and teaching: Crafting personalized, culturally responsive curriculum in the AI era. Creative Education, 15(8), 1642–1651. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2024.158098

Yang, W., Xu, P., Liu, H., & Li, H. (2022). Neoliberalism and sociocultural specificities: A discourse analysis of early childhood curriculum policies in Australia, China, New Zealand, and Singapore. Early Child Development and Care, 192(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2020.1754210

Yu, H. (2024). The application and challenges of ChatGPT in educational transformation: New demands for teachers' roles. Heliyon, 10(2), Article e24289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24289

Zahariev, M. (2024). Legal and ethical challenges from copyright perspective of implementing artificial intelligence in education. In The Future of Education 2024 Conference Proceedings. Pixel. Available at https://conference.pixel-online.net/library_scheda.php?id_abs=6698

Downloads

Published

2025-05-13

How to Cite

Zagkotas, V. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and the Didactic Transposition of Knowledge: Implications for Curriculum Development and Knowledge Gatekeeping. Futurity Education, 5(2), 44–66. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED.2025.06.25.03